#charset "us-ascii"
#pragma once
/*
* Copyright (c) 2000, 2006 Michael J. Roberts
*
* This file is part of TADS 3.
*
* This header defines the BigNumber intrinsic class.
*/
/* include our base class definition */
#include "systype.h"
/*
* The BigNumber intrinsic class lets you perform floating-point and
* integer arithmetic with (almost) any desired precision. BigNumber uses
* a decimal representation, which means that decimal values can be
* represented exactly (i.e., with no rounding errors, as can happen with
* IEEE 'double' and 'float' values that languages like C typically
* support). BigNumber combines a varying-length mantissa with an
* exponent; the length of the mantissa determines how many digits of
* precision a given BigNumber can store, and the exponent lets you
* represent very large or very small values with minimal storage. You can
* specify the desired precision when you create a BigNumber explicitly;
* when BigNumber values are created implicitly by computations, the system
* chooses a precision based on the inputs to the calculations, typically
* equal to the largest of the precisions of the input values.
*
* The maximum precision for a BigNumber is about 64,000 digits, and the
* exponent can range from -32768 to +32767. Since this is a decimal
* exponent, this implies an absolute value range from 1.0e-32768 to
* 1.0e+32767. The more digits of precision stored in a given BigNumber
* value, the more memory the object consumes, and the more time it takes
* to perform calculations using the value.
*/
intrinsic class BigNumber 'bignumber/030001': Object
{
/* format to a string */
formatString(maxDigits?, flags?,
wholePlaces?, fracDigits?, expDigits?, leadFiller?);
/*
* compare for equality after rounding to the smaller of my
* precision and num's precision
*/
equalRound(num);
/*
* returns an integer giving the number of digits of precision that
* this number stores
*/
getPrecision();
/*
* Return a new number, with the same value as this number but with
* the given number of decimal digits of precision. If the new
* precision is higher than the old precision, this will increase
* the precision to the requested new size and add trailing zeros
* to the value. If the new precision is lower than the old
* precision, we'll round the number for the reduced precision.
*/
setPrecision(digits);
/* get the fractional part */
getFraction();
/* get the whole part (truncates the fraction - doesn't round) */
getWhole();
/*
* round to the given number of digits after the decimal point; if
* the value is zero, round to integer; if the value is negative,
* round to the given number of places before the decimal point
*/
roundToDecimal(places);
/* return the absolute value */
getAbs();
/* least integer greater than or equal to this number */
getCeil();
/* greatest integer less than or equal to this number */
getFloor();
/* get the base-10 scale of the number */
getScale();
/*
* scale by 10^x - if x is positive, this multiplies the number by
* ten the given number of times; if x is negative, this divides the
* number by ten the given number of times
*/
scaleTen(x);
/* negate - invert the sign of the number */
negate();
/*
* copySignFrom - combine the absolute value of self with the sign
* of x
*/
copySignFrom(x);
/* determine if the value is negative */
isNegative();
/*
* Calculate the integer quotient and the remainder; returns a list
* whose first element is the integer quotient (a BigNumber
* containing an integer value), and whose second element is the
* remainder (the value R such that dividend = quotient*x + R).
*
* Note that the quotient returned will not necessarily have the
* same value as the whole part of dividing self by x with the '/'
* operator, because this division handles rounding differently. In
* particular, the '/' operator will perform the appropriate
* rounding on the quotient if the quotient has insufficient
* precision to represent the exact result. This routine, in
* contrast, does NOT round the quotient, but merely truncates any
* trailing digits that cannot be represented in the result's
* precision. The reason for this difference is that it ensures
* that the relation (dividend=quotient*x+remainder) holds, which
* would not always be the case if the quotient were rounded up.
*
* Note also that the remainder will not necessarily be less than
* the divisor. If the quotient cannot be exactly represented
* (which occurs if the precision of the quotient is smaller than
* its scale), the remainder will be the correct value so that the
* relationship above holds, rather than the unique remainder that
* is smaller than the divisor. In all cases where there is
* sufficient precision to represent the quotient exactly (to the
* units digit only, since the quotient returned from this method
* will always be an integer), the remainder will satisfy the
* relationship AND will be the unique remainder with absolute value
* less than the divisor.
*/
divideBy(x);
/*
* calculate and return the trigonometric sine of the value (taken
* as a radian value)
*/
sine();
/*
* calculate and return the trigonometric cosine of the value (taken
* as a radian value)
*/
cosine();
/*
* calculate and return the trigonometric tangent of the value
* (taken as a radian value)
*/
tangent();
/*
* interpreting this number as a number of degrees, convert the
* value to radians and return the result
*/
degreesToRadians();
/*
* interpreting this number as a number of radians, convert the
* value to degrees and return the result
*/
radiansToDegrees();
/*
* Calculate and return the arcsine (in radians) of the value. Note
* that the value must be between -1 and +1 inclusive, since sine()
* never has a value outside of this range.
*/
arcsine();
/*
* Calculate and return the arccosine (in radians). The value must
* be between -1 and +1 inclusive.
*/
arccosine();
/* calculate and return the arctangent (in radians) */
arctangent();
/* calculate the square root and return the result */
sqrt();
/*
* calculate the natural logarithm of this number and return the
* result
*/
logE();
/*
* raise e (the base of the natural logarithm) to the power of this
* value and return the result
*/
expE();
/* calculate the base-10 logarithm of the number and return the result */
log10();
/*
* raise this number to the power of the argument and return the
* result
*/
raiseToPower(x);
/* calculate the hyperbolic sine, cosine, and tangent */
sinh();
cosh();
tanh();
/* class method: get the value of pi to a given precision */
getPi(digits);
/* class method: get the value of e to a given precision */
getE(digits);
/*
* Get the type of this number. This returns a combination of
* NumTypeXxx flags, combined with the '|' operator. This can be used
* to check for special values, such as infinites and "not a number"
* values.
*/
numType();
}
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/*
* flags for formatString
*/
/* always show a sign, even if positive */
#define BignumSign 0x0001
/* always show in exponential format (scientific notation, as in "1.0e20") */
#define BignumExp 0x0002
/* always show a sign in the exponent, even if positive */
#define BignumExpSign 0x0004
/*
* show a zero before the decimal point - this is only relevant in
* non-exponential format when the number is between -1 and +1
*/
#define BignumLeadingZero 0x0008
/* always show a decimal point */
#define BignumPoint 0x0010
/* insert commas to denote thousands, millions, etc */
#define BignumCommas 0x0020
/* show a leading space if the number is positive */
#define BignumPosSpace 0x0040
/*
* use European-style formatting: use a comma instead of a period for
* the decimal point, and use periods instead of commas to set off
* thousands, millions, etc
*/
#define BignumEuroStyle 0x0080
/*
* "Compact" format: use the shorter of the regular format and scientific
* notation. If the scientific notation exponent is less than -4 or
* greater than or equal to the number of digits after the decimal point,
* we'll use scientific notation; otherwise we'll use the plain format.
*/
#define BignumCompact 0x0100
/*
* maxDigits counts only significant digits; leading zeros aren't counted
* against the maximum.
*/
#define BignumMaxSigDigits 0x0200
/*
* Keep trailing zeros. If there's a maxDigits value, this keeps enough
* trailing zeros so that the number of digits shown equals maxDigits. By
* default, trailing zeros after the decimal point are removed.
*/
#define BignumKeepTrailingZeros 0x0400
/* ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
/*
* Number type flags, for numType()
*/
/*
* Number type: ordinary number.
*/
#define NumTypeNum 0x0001
/*
* Number type: "Not a number" (NaN). This indicates that the value is the
* result of a calculation with invalid input(s). Currently there are no
* BigNumber calculations that return NaNs, as all functions on invalid
* inputs throw errors instead. But it's possible to construct NaN value,
* such as by reading an IEEE 754-2008 NaN value from a file via
* unpackBytes().
*/
#define NumTypeNAN 0x0002
/*
* Number type: positive infinity, negative infinity. These indicate a
* value that overflowed the capacity of the BigNumber type, or a
* calculation that yields infinity (e.g., tan(pi/2)). Currently there are
* no BigNumber calculations that return Infinities, as all functions where
* an overflow is possible throw errors instead. But it's possible to
* construct an Infinity value, such as by reading an IEEE 754-2008
* Infinity value from a file via unpackBytes().
*/
#define NumTypePInf 0x0004
#define NumTypeNInf 0x0008
#define NumTypeInf (NumTypePInf | NumTypeNInf)
/*
* Number type: zero, positive or negative. Mathematically, zero is
* neither positive nor negative, but the BigNumber type retains a sign for
* all values, even zeros. Negative zeros can come from calculations
* that yield negative results with absolute values too small for the
* internal representation. It's also possible to construct a negative
* zero, such as by reading an IEEE 754-2008 negative zero value from a
* file via unpackBytes().
*/
#define NumTypePZero 0x0010
#define NumTypeNZero 0x0020
#define NumTypeZero (NumTypePZero | NumTypeNZero)
TADS 3 Library Manual
Generated on 5/16/2013 from TADS version 3.1.3